The first European explorers who arrived in New Hapmshire were the British MartÃn Pring (1603), the Frenchman Samuel de Champlain (1605), and the English captain John Smith (1614). The colony of New England granted David Thomson, in 1620, and John Mason and Sir Ferdinand Gorges, in 1622, lands in the territory that includes the present states of New Hapmshire and Maine. David Thomson settled in 1622 in Odiorne’s Point, which is considered to be the first European settlement in the present state of New Hampshire. The lands that Mason and Gorges administered were divided in 1629; Mason had the part between the Piscataqua and Merrimack rivers, which from then on began to be called New Hampshire. After a few years in which it was considered as part of the colony of Massachusetts, in 1680 New Hampshire was recognized as an independent colony by Charles II of England. During the following years, New Hampshire extended to the Connecticut River, where new settlers arrived and dedicated themselves to building boats and exploiting agricultural resources, fishing and timber. Trade focused on the port of Portsmouth which rivaled that of Boston, Massachusetts on some occasions.
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The wars between England and France, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, led the English authorities to require the settlers to pay fixed contributions and other taxes to meet the economic deficit in which the British treasury was. Thus, years after the Seven Years’ War and at the end of the Indian wars, England passed the Stamp Act, (a tax on every public document), which extended to its colonies. In 1770 and 1773 there were protests by the settlers, with the approval of the Townshend Act, which established a tax on imports, and the Tea Act, a tax on tea. The colonists responded with a boycott of English products and called the Continental Congress to meet, which brought together for the first time the representatives of the English colonies in America. In December 1774, there was one of the first armed clashes in New Hampshire between British forces and American settlers, led by John Sullivan, who took the detachment of New Castle, in Portsmouth. During the remaining years of the war for independence there was no more fighting in New Hampshire, although its settlers were part of the independence troops that fought in the colony of Massachusetts. In January 1776, an independent government was established in New Hampshire, months before the declaration.
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of Independence, and in 1788 ratified the constitution of the United States. Shipbuilding, textiles, wood, footwear, and light machinery emerged as engines of the state’s economy, in part thanks to the driving force of its rivers.
As was the case in the War of Independence, during the Civil War (1861-1865) in New Hampshire there was no fighting on its territory between the armies of the Union and the Confederacy, although its men were actively involved in the war. In addition, the Portsmouth shipyards emerged to build ships to block Confederate ports. The industrial boom produced by the war explains the strong immigration that New Hampshire had during the last quarter of the 19th century. Thus, many immigrants from Europe and Canada settled near the industrial centers, while many farmers, unable to compete with the products that came from the western states, they emigrated in search of new lands. Industrial growth continued until 1930, when the southeastern states began producing fabrics and footwear at competitive prices. The same thing happened with the leather industry, unable to compete with Italian imports starting from the Second World War. The diversification of industries, based on the development of electronic components, nevertheless managed to revitalize the economy of the state. Alongside these new industries, public and private institutions have managed to transform tourism into one of the main sources of the state economy, therefore important measures for environmental protection have been approved.
Concord: the capital of New Hampshire
Concord (New Hampshire), city on the Merrimack River, capital of New Hampshire, in the south-central part of the state. It is the financial, manufacturing, commercial and transportation center of a vast agricultural region, the main products include printed, electronic and communications materials, and products derived from woodworking. The famous Concord white granite was used for the construction of the Library of Congress, is quarried nearby and has been used in the construction of several local buildings. Of interest in Concord are the home and law office of United States President Franklin Pierce, who lived here after leaving the White House, the State Historical Society Museum; and the State Capitol (1816-1819). Nearby is the birthplace of Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of Christian Science. Also in Concord are the Franklin Pierce Law Center (1973) and a junior college.
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History– The city site was inhabited by white settlers, as a trading post in 1659, in an area occupied by Native Americans of the Algonquin tribe. In 1725 a Massachusetts Bay Colony concession created the Penacook Plantation, which in 1733 became the town of Rumford. In 1741 there was a dispute between Massachusetts and New Hampshire for jurisdiction over the city. The dispute was settled in favor of New Hampshire in 1762, and in 1765 the city was renamed Concord (due to the unanimous vote of its inhabitants during the attribution conflict). In 1808 Concord became the state capital. The economy of the city, at the beginning was centered on the press. Since primary presidential elections in New Hampshire are held earlier than in other states in the nation, Concord’s results historically serve as the primary campaign reference. The city was established in 1853.
