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The United States is the world’s strongest economic power, with a very versatile and advanced business structure. In 2014, the country is again the world’s largest oil producer.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at the end of 2014 was about $ 17,555 billion, and the average disposable income was about $ 28,200. In recent decades, the business has shifted from primary and secondary industries to tertiary industries. In 2014, less than 1.5 per cent of GDP came from agriculture, forestry and fishing – and less than a quarter came from industry and mining, construction, and more than three quarters came from service industries.

The private sector accounted for about 86 percent of the economy, while just over 4 percent was federal, and nine percent state and local government. There are major regional differences in business as a result of variations in location, resource base, climate, population distribution, communications and traditions. The total civilian workforce was around 156 million in 2014 (55 per cent men and 45 per cent women), and the unemployment rate was 5.6 per cent. While 35.5 percent were unionized in the 1945 peak, that figure was only 12 percent in 2014. This must be seen in light of market liberalism, which has been prevalent in the United States since the late 1970s. This trend leads to greater income disparities and increasing social unrest in the United States. In 2013, one per cent of the population spent more than 20 per cent of total income.

Traditionally, Americans have almost always been familiar with the free enterprise system, where the role of the political authorities is to organize the conditions for business, but not to operate as an operator in economic life.

State and politics

The United States is a Republican federal state consisting of 50 states and some other autonomous territories.

The form of government is enshrined in the Constitution of 1787 and in the 27 additions it is later given. The first ten additions of 1791 (” Bill of rights “) are considered particularly important for the legal position of individuals.

The Constitution divides the federal state’s power into three institutions: an executive presidential office, a Legislative and Appropriating National Assembly ( Congress ), and a judicial power (the courts ).

A similar distribution of power exists in each state. The tasks that are not assigned to the federal state in the Constitution belong to the states.

Two political parties, the Democratic and the Republican, dominate the elected institutions, both federally and in the states.

The incumbent President Donald Trump represents the Republican Party and is the 45th President of the United States (elected in 2016 and inaugurated in 2017).

The United States is the world’s largest military force, possesses a large arsenal of nuclear weapons and has forces present in all parts of the world. Military service is voluntary. The United States is a member of the UN, NATO and a number of regional federations.

History

North America’s oldest history is especially related to the indigenous people who lived on the continent before European colonization. The European conquest began in the 16th century, from Spain, France and England, among others. Of these, England, later the United Kingdom, eventually became the strongest colonial power.

The independence of the United States as a state is linked to the Declaration of Independence of July 4, 1776, where envoys from 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast made a political and ideological settlement with the British Empire. The ransom triggered war with the British, which was defeated in 1783.

The extent of the United States increased greatly from independence until the mid-1800s, when the country stretched all the way west to the Pacific Ocean. The conquest and settlement to the west took place through wars and treaties with other countries, displacement of the indigenous population and an activist policy with incentives for citizens and business.

The expansion forced tensions between the northern and southern states to surface, and in the period 1861-1865 the states in the two regions fought a civil war that cost over half a million people their lives. The victory of the northern states led to the abolition of slavery and the strengthening of central power.

At the turn of the 20th century, cities in the United States gathered as many residents as the countryside. Mass immigration from Europe led to huge population growth. The United States became an industrial, economic and military superpower with a high level of prosperity. After World War II, the country was one of two global superpowers – the only one from the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Natural resources and energy in the world

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